Jī-cha̍p Sè-kí ê Chú-ji̍t-o̍h_07
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20世紀Ê主日學_07 |
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Tamura |
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Tē 7 Phiⁿ Chóng-lūn
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第7篇總論 |
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Tē 7 chiuⁿ
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第7章 |
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Lūn khí Chú-ji̍t-o̍h kap Kiōng-lē-hōe ê koan-hē, kóng kàu jî-tông kàu-io̍k ê tōa goân-lí.
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論起主日學kap共勵會ê關係，講到兒童教育ê大原理。 |
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Chú-ji̍t-o̍h chēng Ki-tok-kàu ji̍p-lâi lán ê kok í-lâi chiū ū siat-li̍p, só͘-í kìⁿ-nā sìn-tô͘ phah-sǹg lóng chai-iáⁿ. Chóng-sī Kiōng-lē-hōe chhut-sì tī chit sè-kài chí-ū 70 nî chêng chiah ū ê, só͘-í chai chit-ê ê lâng phah-sǹg chin chió. Hiān-sî liān ka-kī ū siat Kiōng-lē-hōe ê kàu-hōe ê sìn-tô͘, in tōa-pō͘-hūn ê lâng iā m̄-chai Kiōng-lē-hōe ê tōa goân-lí ê khoán. Tú-tú chhin-chhiūⁿ tùi gōa-kok the̍h chi̍t-niá Kiōng-lē-hōe ê saⁿ lâi, bô ì-sù chí-ū kā chhēng leh, tū lāi-bīn lóng bô chi̍t-tiám-á oa̍h-miā. Nā beh oa̍h-ēng tio̍h chhái-chhú tī gōa-kok só͘ teh ēng ê Kiōng-lē-hōe ê goân-lí, lâi èng-iōng tī kok-lāi, chiah ká chhēng tú-hó ê saⁿ. Hit niá saⁿ nā kan-ta the̍h gōa-kok ê chū án-ni ēng, chū-jiân sī bô-hāu, Tiong-kok lâng ū Tiong-kok lâng ê saⁿ, Tiong-kok ê Kiōng-lē-hōe kàu tó-ūi to sī tio̍h-ài Tiong-kok ê.
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主日學chēng基督教入來lán ê國以來就有設立，所以kìⁿ-nā信徒phah算攏知影。總是共勵會出世tī chit世界只有70年前chiah有ê，所以知chit-ê ê人phah算真少。現時連家己有設共勵會ê教會ê信徒，in大部份ê人也m̄知共勵會ê大原理ê款。Tú-tú親像對外國提chi̍t領共勵會ê衫來，無意思只有kā穿leh，tū內面攏無chi̍t點á活命。若beh活用tio̍h採取tī外國所teh用ê共勵會ê原理，來應用tī國內，chiah ká穿tú好ê衫。Hit領衫若kan-ta提外國ê自án-ni用，自然是無效，中國人有中國人ê衫，中國ê共勵會到tó位都是tio̍h-ài中國ê。 |
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Sui sī án-ni, iā m̄-thang bē kì-tit kóng Kiōng-lē-hōe ê goân-lí sī bān-kok lóng sio-siāng ê. Kiat-kio̍k Kiōng-lē-hōe ê hoat-seng sī tùi sìn sim-lí-ha̍k ê chìn-pō͘ kap sìn kàu-io̍k-ha̍k ê hoat-tián chū-jiân seⁿ-chhut nā-tiāⁿ. Iā Chú-ji̍t-o̍h kap Kiōng-lē-hōe goân-lâi sī chi̍t-thé ū 2 ê bīn-siòng, sī tī jî-tông kap chheng-liân ê chong-kàu kàu-io̍k bē thang bô tit ê ki-koan. Chēng kàu kin-á-ji̍t gō͘-hōe kóng jî-tông ê kàu-io̍k chí-ū chù-tiōng tī kà-sī, siūⁿ kóng nā kan-ta kà, chiū jî-tông kàu-io̍k ê sū chheng-chhó lah. Hiān-kim ê bo̍k-su á-sī thoân-tō-su pêⁿ-pêⁿ tī chit tiám ū chhò-gō͘. Eng-gú kóng “teacheng” (kàu-siū) kap “traineng” (hùn-liān) chit 2 kù-ōe, it-poaⁿ lóng ēng chò sio-siāng khoán, chóng-sī kî-si̍t chit 2 kù-ōe ê tiong-kan ū chin bêng ê hun-piat; “teacheng” sī tùi gōa-bīn ēng tì-sek hō͘ i, iā “traineng” sī hō͘ tī lāi-bīn só͘-ū ê lêng-le̍k hō͘ i hoat-ta̍t, traineng kā e̍k chò “thoàn-liān” á-sī “hùn-liān” sī chin tú-hó ê ōe.
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雖是án-ni，也m̄-thang bē記得講共勵會ê原理是萬國攏相siāng ê。結局共勵會ê發生是對信心理學ê進步kap信教育學ê發展自然生出nā-tiāⁿ。Iā主日學kap共勵會原來是chi̍t體有2 ê面相，是tī兒童kap青年ê宗教教育bē thang無得ê機關。Chēng到今á日誤會講兒童ê教育只有注重tī教示，想講若kan-ta教，就兒童教育ê事清楚lah。現今ê牧師á是傳道師平平tī chit點有錯誤。英語講「teacheng」(教授) kap「traineng」(訓練) chit 2句話，一般攏用做相siāng款，總是其實chit 2句話ê中間有真明ê分別；「teacheng」是對外面用智識hō͘ i，iā「traineng」是hō͘ tī內面所有ê能力hō͘ i發達，traineng kā譯做「鍛鍊」á是「訓練」是真tú好ê話。 |
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Kìⁿ-nā kàu-io̍k chit 2 hāng lóng ài, chóng-sī nā pun-khui lâi kóng Chú-ji̍t-o̍h chiū-sī teh kà ê só͘-chāi, iā Kiōng-lē-hōe sī teh thoàn-liān ê só͘-chāi, ?????? (Tu-lán-bó͘-lah) kóng: “Chú-ji̍t-o̍h sī ēng chhiú lâi lia̍h chin-lí ê só͘-chāi iā Kiōng-lē-hōe sī ēng kha chiong só͘ tit-tio̍h ê mi̍h kā si̍t-hêng khòaⁿ-māi ê só͘-chāi.”
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Kìⁿ-nā教育chit 2項攏愛，總是若分開來講主日學就是teh教ê所在，iā共勵會是teh鍛鍊ê所在，?????? (Tu-lán-bó͘-lah)講：「主日學是用手來掠真理ê所在iā共勵會是用腳將所得tio̍h ê mi̍h kā實行看māi ê所在。」 |
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Si̍t-chāi tú-tú sī án-ni, nā chí-ū ēng chhiú ê kàu-io̍k nā-tiāⁿ, tú-tú chhin-chhiūⁿ chē teh chò-kang ê chit-gia̍p ê lâng, kha lóng pìⁿ bô lō͘-ēng, só͘-í kan-ta chē-teh ēng chhiú chò-kang nā-tiāⁿ sī bô lō͘-ēng. Lóng bē-thang kiâⁿ iā bē thang cháu, kha tio̍h kap chhiú tâng-chê chò-kang. “Bô-lūn sím-mi̍h mi̍h ná ēng chiū ná hoat-ta̍t, nā bô ēng chiū ná thè-pō͘.” Che sī Darwin (Tá-ù-iù) só͘ hoat-hiān chìn-hòa-lūn ê tōa goân-lí. Lâng ê thâu-náu ū oa̍h-tāng ê tiong-sim kap kè-ek ê tiong-sim, iā sin-keng chiap tī chiah ê tiong-sim. Siat-sú nā hō͘ jî-tông chí-ū kè-ek, i ê kè-ek ê tiong-sim kiám-chhái ē hoat-ta̍t, chóng-sī oa̍h-tāng ê tiong-sim bē hoat-ta̍t, kàu bóe beh pìⁿ phòa-siùⁿ ê lâng, kiám m̄ sī si̍t-chāi chin thang kiaⁿ!
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實在tú-tú是án-ni，若只有用手ê教育nā-tiāⁿ，tú-tú親像坐teh做工ê職業ê人，腳攏變無路用，所以kan-ta坐teh用手做工nā-tiāⁿ是無路用。攏bē-thang行也bē thang走，腳tio̍h kap手同齊做工。「無論sím-mi̍h mi̍h ná用就ná發達，若無用就ná退步。」Che是Darwin (Tá-ù-iù)所發現進化論ê大原理。人ê頭腦有活動ê中心kap記憶ê中心，iā神經接tī chiah ê中心。設使若hō͘兒童只有記憶，i ê記憶ê中心kiám-chhái ē發達，總是活動ê中心bē發達，到尾beh變破相ê人，kiám m̄是實在真thang驚！ |
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Só͘-í beh kàu-io̍k jî-tông tio̍h ài hō͘ in kha-chhiú pêⁿ-pêⁿ oa̍h-tāng chò. Tùi chit ê lí-iû khoài-khoài thang liáu-kái, chhin-chhiūⁿ Chú-ji̍t-o̍h tī jî-tông á-sī chheng-liân ê chong-kàu kàu-io̍k sī pit-iàu ê, Kiōng-lē-hōe iā sī bô bē-ēng-tit ê mi̍h, siōng-chhiáⁿ nā chiàu kīn-tāi ê sim-lí-ha̍k só͘ chú-tiuⁿ, “bô lūn sím-mi̍h lí-sióng nā bô kā si̍t-hêng, koat-toàn bē thang chò hit ê lâng ê só͘-iú”, tùi chit tiám lâi khòaⁿ iā ē-thang liáu-kái Kiōng-lē-hōe ê pit-iàu.
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所以beh教育兒童tio̍h ài hō͘ in腳手平平活動做。對chit ê理由快快thang了解，親像主日學tī兒童á是青年ê宗教教育是必要ê，共勵會也是無bē用得ê mi̍h，尚且若照近代ê心理學所主張，「無論sím-mi̍h理想若無kā實行，決斷bē thang做hit ê人ê所有」，對chit點來看也ē-thang了解共勵會ê必要。 |
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Tī Chú-ji̍t-o̍h teh kà Sèng-keng, chóng-sī nā kan-ta kà, tī Sèng-keng lāi só͘ kà hó ê su-sióng, bē pìⁿ chò jî-tông ê só͘-iú, hō͘ in si̍t-hêng chiah ē tit thang chò in ê só͘-iú. Iā chit ê beh hō͘ in si̍t-hêng ê só͘-chāi chiū-sī Kiōng-lē-hōe. Án-ni chiū-sī góa tī chêng ū kóng Chú-ji̍t-o̍h kap Kiōng-lē-hōe sī siāng chi̍t-thé nn̄g ê bīn-siòng.
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Tī主日學teh教聖經，總是若kan-ta教，tī聖經內所教好ê思想，bē變做兒童ê所有，hō͘ in實行chiah ē得thang做in ê所有。Iā chit ê beh hō͘ in實行ê所在就是共勵會。Án-ni就是我tī前有講主日學kap共勵會是siāng chi̍t體nn̄g ê面相。 |
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Chiông-āu tī jî-tông kàu-io̍k ê lâng só͘ tio̍h ài chù-ì ê sū, chiū-sī jî-tông pún-lâi sī oa̍h-tāng sèng ê. Jî-tông bô chi̍t sî-khek tiām-tiām. Tōa-lâng ū pîn-tōaⁿ ê, chóng-sī jî-tông bô pòaⁿ ê pîn-tōaⁿ ê, chi̍t ê bô pîn-tōaⁿ ê gín-ná chiū-sī teh chèng-bêng oa̍h-tāng sī jî-tông ê sìⁿ-miā. M̄-sī kan-ta hō͘ i chia̍h, jî-tông chiū ē tōa-hàn. Hō͘ i chia̍h, tông-sî iā tio̍h hō͘ i oa̍h-tāng. Tī Chú-ji̍t-o̍h teh kà, tú-tú chhin-chhiūⁿ hō͘ i chia̍h, chóng-sī kan-ta án-ni bô oa̍h-miā, tông-sî tio̍h ài hō͘ in ū chò-kang ê só͘-chāi. Iā Kiōng-lē-hōe chiū-sī hō͘ in thang chò-kang ê só͘-chāi. Phì-jū kóng chhōa pa̍t ê gín-ná lâi Chú-ji̍t-o̍h, chhōa khì thàm ū phòa-pīⁿ ê gín-ná, chiong ka-tī só͘ ài ēng ê chîⁿ lâi pang-chān hō͘ sòng-hiong ê gín-ná, chhōa in ê sī-tōa-lâng lâi kàu-hōe.
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從後tī兒童教育ê人所tio̍h ài注意ê事，就是兒童本來是活動性ê。兒童無chi̍t時刻tiām-tiām。大人有pîn-tōaⁿ ê，總是兒童無半ê pîn-tōaⁿ ê，chi̍t ê無pîn-tōaⁿ ê gín-ná就是teh證明活動是兒童ê性命。M̄是kan-ta hō͘ i食，兒童就ē大漢。Hō͘ i食，同時也tio̍h hō͘ i活動。Tī主日學teh教，tú-tú親像hō͘ i食，總是kan-ta án-ni無活命，同時tio̍h ài hō͘ in有做工ê所在。Iā共勵會就是hō͘ in thang做工ê所在。譬喻講chhōa別ê gín-ná來主日學，chhōa去探有破病ê gín-ná，將家己所愛用ê錢來幫贊hō͘ sòng-hiong ê gín-ná，chhōa in ê序大人來教會。 |
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Sè-hàn gín-ná ê sim-koaⁿ jia̍t-jia̍t kî-tó Siōng-tè, chhiùⁿ sèng-si hō͘ in ū oa̍h-khì. Kóng-ōe thoàn-liān in ê tám-le̍k. Lóng-chóng chiah ê sū nā hō͘ jî-tông chò, in lóng chin hoaⁿ-hí chò, bô lâng pí jî-tông khah ài chò-kang. Án-ni hō͘ jî-tông á-sī chheng-liân ūi-tio̍h Ki-tok, koh ūi-tio̍h kàu-hōe chò-kang î-chhī in chong-kàu-tek ê oa̍h-miā, koh beh hō͘ in hoat-ta̍t chiah ê sī Kiōng-lē-hōe ê tōa sù-bēng. Chēng kàu kin-á-ji̍t tùi jî-tông ū chin tōa ê gō͘-kái, siūⁿ kóng oa̍h-tāng chò kang sī tio̍h ē lí-kái chiah ê tāi-chì, koh ū hoat-seng kám-kak chiah ē chò. Ū iáⁿ, nā-sī tōa-lâng, tio̍h ū lí-kái hit hāng mi̍h ê tō-lí, seⁿ-khí kám-chêng, iā hit ê kiat-kó chiah ē khai-sí oa̍h-tāng. Lí-kái, kám-chêng, oa̍h-tāng chiah ê sī tōa-lâng ê sim-lí ê sūn-sū.
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細漢gín-ná ê心肝熱熱祈禱上帝，唱聖詩hō͘ in有活氣。講話鍛鍊in ê膽力。攏總chiah ê事若hō͘兒童做，in攏真歡喜做，無人比兒童khah愛做工。Án-ni hō͘兒童á是青年為tio̍h基督，koh為tio̍h教會做工維持in宗教的ê活命，koh beh hō͘ in發達chiah ê是共勵會ê大使命。Chēng到今á日對兒童有真大ê誤解，想講活動做工是tio̍h ē理解chiah ê代誌，koh有發生感覺chiah ē做。有影，若是大人，tio̍h有理解hit項mi̍h ê道理，生起感情，也hit ê結果chiah ē開始活動。理解、感情、活動chiah ê是大人ê心理ê順事。 |
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Chóng-sī jî-tông m̄-sī án-ni, m̄-sī seng lí-kái chiah oa̍h-tāng, hoán-tńg sī oa̍h-tāng liáu-āu kám-kak, hit ê kiat-kó chiah ē hiáu liáu-kái chiah ê sū, jî-tông ê sim-lí ê sūn-sū sī oa̍h-tāng kám-chêng, lí-kái, án-ni kap tōa-lâng sī oân-choân tò-péng, só͘-í nā beh kàu-io̍k jî-tông, kan-ta kà m̄-ta̍t-tio̍h hō͘ i chò khòaⁿ-māi. (Thài-sio̍k)
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總是兒童m̄是án-ni，m̄是先理解chiah活動，反轉是活動了後感覺，hit ê結果chiah ē曉了解chiah ê事，兒童ê心理ê順事是活動感情、理解，án-ni kap大人是完全倒péng，所以若beh教育兒童，kan-ta教m̄值tio̍h hō͘ i做看māi。(待續) |
