Lūn Hong-sio̍k
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論風俗 |
| Tân Pún-lâi |
陳本來 |
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Taⁿ chhì-siūⁿ hong-sio̍k, sǹg-sī chin-chē khoán. Kok-kok to ū koh-iūⁿ, chhin- chhiūⁿ gōa-kok lâng thâu-mn̂g sī chiong chián--ê. Tiong-kok kap Tâi-oân sī ēng thì sì-ûi lâu tiong-ng; á-sī chhēng-chhah ia̍h put-tông, khiok sī chi̍t-ūi chi̍t-ūi ê khoán, m̄-bián kóng sím-mi̍h kok khah- tio̍h, kî-tiong ta̍k-ūi éng ū hó--chhù tī- teh.
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今試想風俗，算是真濟款。各國都有各樣，親像外國人頭毛是將剪--ê。中國佮台灣是用剃四圍留中央；抑是穿插亦不同，卻是1位1位ê款，m̄ 免講甚物國較著，其中逐位永有好處tī--teh。 |
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Taⁿ chhiáⁿ chiong lán pún-tē ê hong-sio̍k kap khiàn-sńg lâi saⁿ-kap gī-lūn kúi-kù. Chóng-sī ū-ê sī bô sím-mi̍h thang hiâm, nā-sī ū-ê chin m̄-hó; chhin- chhiūⁿ hiān-kim pài-pu̍t ê khoán chin m̄-hó khòaⁿ, bô lūn tú-tio̍h sím-mi̍h chai- eh, chiū sim seⁿ-chhut chhai-gî kóng, sī thiⁿ-khì m̄-hó, á-sī sím-mi̍h iau-chiⁿ kúi- koài ji̍p kéng-lāi. Ūi-tio̍h án-ni chiū kng-pu̍t iû-ke kóaⁿ-kúi, tāi-ke pàng-sak kan-kí thâu-lō͘ liáu-chîⁿ chin-chē; án-ni tāi-ke chin hoaⁿ-hí chhin-chhiūⁿ hit-ê hoān-tio̍h kúi ê, the̍h chio̍h-thâu ka-tī siong, lia̍h-chò êng-kng khoài-lo̍k (Khó. 5:5). In án-ni sī chhin-chhiūⁿ chheⁿ-mê teh kng piàn-sūi, lóng m̄-chai oa̍h-lâng teh kng sí-mi̍h; si̍t-chāi chin khó-liân, lóng m̄-chai chit-hō chai-eh sī tùi Siōng- tè lâi, ài beh kiò lâng hoán-hóe khì-siâ kui-chèng.
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今請將咱本地ê風俗佮khiàn-sńg 來相佮議論幾句。總是有ê 無甚物thang嫌，但是有ê 真 m̄ 好；親像現今拜佛ê款真m̄ 好看，無論抵著甚物災厄，就心生出猜疑，講是天氣 m̄ 好，抑是甚物妖精鬼怪入境內。為著án-ni就扛佛遊街趕鬼，逐家放sak kán-kí 頭路了錢真濟；án-ni逐家真歡喜親像hit個犯著鬼--ê,提石頭家己傷，掠做榮光快樂（可5：5）。In án-ni是親像青瞑teh 扛半遂，攏 m̄ 知活人teh扛甚物；實在真可憐，攏 m̄ 知這號災厄是tùi上帝來，ài beh 叫人反悔去邪歸正。 |
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Koh chi̍t-hāng khah m̄-hó ê khoán, chiū-sī lâng nā seⁿ cha-bó͘ gín-á chiū phah-sí. Lūn-kàu chhut chit-hō ok-to̍k chân-jím ê sim, pí khîm-siù sī khah lī-hāi. Khîm-siù sui sī pháiⁿ iáu-kú m̄- kam hāi-sí kiáⁿ; nā-sī lâng pí khîm-siù sī khah tì-sek, chóaⁿ-iūⁿ jím-sim lâi hāi- sí kiáⁿ; iū-koh m̄-sī hit-hō gōng-gōng ê peh-sèⁿ ū án-ni chiū hit-hō bêng-lí ta̍t- tō ê lâng ia̍h bat án-ni. M̄-nā sī bô thiaⁿ tō-lí ê lâng bat án-ni, chiū thiaⁿ tō-lí ê lâng ia̍h bat koh chò chit hō sū. Lâng chò chit hō sū, chōe kap thâi lâng bô koh-iūⁿ, in-ūi Siōng-tè chiong kiáⁿ-jî siúⁿ-sù lâng, lâng tek-khak m̄ thang hun-pia̍t sī cha-po͘ á-sī cha-bó͘, tek-khak tio̍h hoaⁿ-hí thè Siōng-tè iúⁿ-chhī kà-sī. Ia̍h ǹg-bāng tùi lán thiaⁿ tō-lí ê lâng kiâⁿ hō͘ sè-sio̍k lâng khòaⁿ-iūⁿ, chiah ǹg- bāng chit-hō sū ē soah.
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Koh一項較 m̄ 好 ê 款，就是人若生查某囡仔就扑死。論到出這號惡毒殘忍ê心，比禽獸是較厲害。禽獸雖是歹，iáu-kú m̄甘害死子；但是人比禽獸是較智識，怎樣忍心來害死子？又koh m̄ 是hit號憨憨ê百姓有án-ni；就hit號明理達道ê人亦bat án-ni。M̄-nā是無聽道理ê人bat án-ni，就聽道理ê人亦bat koh做這號事。人做這號事，罪佮thâi 人無各樣。因為上帝將子兒賞賜人，人的確 m̄-thang分別是查甫抑是查某，的確著歡喜替上帝養飼、教示。亦向望tùi咱聽道理ê人行hō͘ 世俗人看樣，才向望這號事會煞。 |
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Lūn-kàu Pêⁿ-po͘ lâng in ū chi̍t hāng put-chí m̄-hó, chiū-sī in kè-chhōa put- chí loān, chi̍t ê lâng chhōa kúi-nā-ê sī in-ūi chhōa kòe bô lōa-kú liâm-piⁿ soah, chiū cha-po͘--ê koh chhōa, cha-bó͘--ê koh-kè; ū-ê kiám-chhái chhōa goe̍h gōa ji̍t, chiū sui-lâng ka-tī táⁿ-sǹg. Che sī pāi- hoāi jîn-lûn ù-sio̍k. Chóng-sī lán thiaⁿ tō-lí ê hiaⁿ-tī chí-mōe, tio̍h chai nā án- ni sī chin bô ha̍p Siōng-tè ê tō-lí; in-ūi Siōng-tè khí-thâu chhòng-chō lâng, hō͘ lâng phit-phòe ang-bó͘ sī kàu chi̍t-sì- lâng; ia̍h sī it-lâm it-lú nā-tiāⁿ (Má-thài 19:4). Taⁿ lán thiaⁿ tō-lí ê lâng tio̍h siūⁿ lán sī chhin-chhiūⁿ sí, seng-khu, lêng- hûn lóng sī Ki-tok hō͘ lán (Ka-lia̍p-thài. 2:20;Lô.6:6).
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論到平埔人in有1項不止 m̄ 好，就是嫁娶不止亂，1個人娶幾若個是因為娶過無偌久liâm-piⁿ 煞，就查甫--ê koh娶，查某--ê koh嫁；有ê kiám-chhái 娶月外日，就隨人家己扑算。Che是敗壞人倫污俗。總是咱聽道理ê兄弟姊妹，著知若án-ni是真無合上帝ê道理；因為上帝起頭創造人，hō͘人匹配翁某是到1世人；亦是一男一女nā-tiāⁿ（馬太19：4）。今咱聽道理ê人著想咱是親像死，身軀、靈魂攏是基督hō͘ 咱 （加拉太2：20；羅6：6）。 |
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Koh chheⁿ-hoan ê hong-sio̍k bat thiaⁿ- kìⁿ kóng, in ê gín-á nā chhut-chu, chiū lia̍h khì chúi-piⁿ chiong thô͘-soa lù, ēng chúi sé chiū ē hó. Iū-koh in nā tú-tio̍h un-e̍k, chiū chhut-khì thâi-lâng chiū un- e̍k ē soah. Hiah ê chhut-khì thâi-lâng--ê, nā thâi-ū chiah káⁿ tò-lâi, nā sī thâi-bô, chiū sòa m̄-káⁿ tò-lâi in-ūi kiaⁿ lâng chhiò, kóng bô eng-hiông.
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Koh生番ê風俗bat聽見講in ê囡仔若出珠 ，就掠去水邊將塗沙lù ，用水洗就會好。又koh in若抵著瘟疫，就出去thâi 人就瘟疫會煞。Hiah-ê 出去thâi人--ê,若thâi有才敢倒--來，若是thâi 無，就煞m̄ 敢倒--來，因為驚人笑，講無英雄。 |
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Cheh-khì lâng siông tī chit ê saⁿ-goe̍h chhe saⁿ teh siú cheh; chit-ê kú sòa sêng-chū-jiân, m̄-chai tùi tó-ūi siat-khí, kan-ta sè-thoân-sè nā-tiāⁿ. Kiù-khàm chit ê cheh, sī tùi tī Hàn-tiâu ê sî ū chi̍t ê lâng, sèⁿ Bâng miâ Tek-kong, i in-ūi lāu sî-koaⁿ tò-lâi chhù-n̍i̍h. Kàu chit ê chheng-bêng ji̍t i ū chhōa i ê bó͘-kiáⁿ khì thióng-soaⁿ, ū sòa tòa mi̍h-chia̍h; chóng- sī i beh chia̍h ê tāi-seng ū seng chè chó͘- sian, chè-liáu chiū tòa hia chò-hóe lim- chia̍h. Chóng-sī āu-lâi ê lâng sòa khòaⁿ hit ê iūⁿ, chiū ke chhòng chiah ê seng-lé kim, hiuⁿ, chóa, chek, lâi teh chè bōng.
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節氣人常tī 這個3月初三teh守節；這個久續成自然，m̄ 知tùi佗位設起，kan-ta世傳世nā-tiāⁿ。究勘 這個節，是tùi tī 漢朝ê時有1個人，姓芒名得功，伊因為老辭官倒來厝--n̍i̍h。到這個清明日伊有chhōa伊ê 某子去塚山，有續帶物食；總--是伊beh食ê第先有先祭祖先，祭了就tòa hia做夥lim食。總--是後來ê人煞看hit個樣，就加創chiah-ê牲禮、金、香、紙、燭來teh祭墓。 |
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Koh tī Chìn-tiâu ê sî, ū chi̍t lâng sèⁿ Kài miâ Chú-chhui, i ho̍k-sāi Chìn Bûn- kong. Chiàu chheh-n̍i̍h kóng Chìn Bûn- kong chhut-gōa ū cha̍p-gōa nî tú-tio̍h bô thang chia̍h. Chit ê Kài Chú-chhui chiū koah i ê kha-thúi-bah hō͘ Chìn Bûn-kong chia̍h. Āu-lâi Chìn Bûn-kong koh tò-lâi pún-kok kap i chhut-gōa ê jîn-sîn lóng ū tit-tio̍h siúⁿ; nā-sī chit ê Chú-chhui siúⁿ bô tio̍h; I ūi-tio̍h án-ni chiū kap i ê lāu-bó khì bi̍h tī Biân-san. Chìn Bûn- kong chiū beh chhiáⁿ i chhut-lâi, i m̄ chhut-lâi chiū pàng-hóe kā i sio soaⁿ, i m̄ chhut-lâi chiū sòa hō͘ hóe sio-sí. Chìn Bûn-kong pi-ai i hō͘ hóe sio-sí; hit-sî tú-tú sī chheng-bêng chêng saⁿ ji̍t, Bûn- kong sòa bēng-lēng peh-sèⁿ chheng-bêng chêng saⁿ-ji̍t tio̍h pī-pān se̍k mi̍h thang chia̍h, chiū kìm hóe-ian, só͘-í hō-chò hân- si̍t-chiat. Chiàu chheh teh piān-pok kóng, Chìn Bûn-kong kin-tè ê jîn-sîn bô chit ê lâng ê miâ. Chóng-sī tī Sú-kì khiok ū chi̍t kù teh chí chit ê lâng. Nā- sī kó͘-chá lâng bêng-bêng piān-pok kóng chit tiâu ê tō-lí bē sìn-tit, in-ūi Bûn- kong ē iau, i pún-sin kiám bē iau. Cháiⁿ- iūⁿ ē thang koah ka-tī ê kha-thúi bah, lâi chhī Bûn-kong iáu-kú bē-sí; che koat- toàn bē sìn-tit. Taⁿ kó͘-chá lâng bêng- pe̍k kóng bô-iáⁿ, nā-sī chit-sî tek-khak m̄-thang saⁿ thàn saⁿ hán.
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Koh tī 晉朝ê時，有一人姓介名子推，伊服事晉文公。照冊--n̍i̍h講晉文公出外有10外年抵著無thang食。這個介子推就割伊ê 腳腿肉hō͘ 晉文公食。後--來晉文公koh倒來本國，佮伊出外ê人臣攏有得著賞；但是這個子推賞無著；伊為著án-ni就佮伊ê 老母去bi̍h tī 綿山。晉文公就beh請伊出--來，伊 m̄出--來就放火kā伊燒山，伊m̄ 出--來就續 hō͘ 火燒--死。晉文公悲哀伊hō͘ 火燒--死；hit時抵抵是清明前3日，文公續命令百姓清明前3日著備辦熟物thang食，就禁火煙，所以號做「寒食節」。照冊teh辯駁講，晉文公跟tè ê人臣無這個人ê名。總是tī 《史記》卻有1句teh指這個人。但是古早人明明辯駁講這條ê道理bē信--tit，因為文公會枵，伊本身敢 bē枵？怎樣會thang割家己ê 腳腿肉，來飼文公iáu-kú bē死？Che決斷bē信--tit。今古早人明白講無影，但是這時的確m̄-thang 相趁相喊。 |
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Tī lán chia hit ê chiaⁿ-goe̍h chhe-it hit-ji̍t lâng ài kóng hó-ōe, m̄-ài kóng pháiⁿ-ōe. Á-sī tī hit-ji̍t bô ài lâng chia̍h- ám tio̍h lim tê, sī in-ūi hit-ji̍t nā chia̍h- ám, āu-lâi nā khì lâng tau, chiū ē tú- tio̍h lo̍h hō͘. Iū hit ji̍t iā m̄ thang sàu lāi-bīn, kóng hit-ji̍t sī sàu-chiú chò seⁿ- ji̍t; á-sī hō͘-tēng-thâu hit ji̍t iā m̄ thang chē, in-ūi hit-ji̍t kóng sī hō͘-tēng chò seⁿ-ji̍t. Chóng-sī tī chit kúi-ji̍t-lāi lâng mî--sî bô pûn-hoa hóe, kóng sîn khì thiⁿ- téng, iáu-bōe tò--lâi, tio̍h kàu chiaⁿ- goe̍h chhe-sì chiah ē tò--lâi; tī chhe-sì ē-po͘ chiū chi̍h sîn. Kàu chhe-gō͘ ê-hng hit àm, chiū chá-chá hóe tio̍h pûn-sit; sī in-ūi hit mî, niáu-chhú teh kè cha- bó͘-kiáⁿ. Lâng ēng chit ê hoat-tō͘ ì-sù sī beh hō͘ niáu-chhú poa̍h-chi̍h kha-kut, chiah m̄-bián hō͘ i seⁿ-thòaⁿ chin-chē. Iū-koh tī chit ê chiaⁿ goe̍h sî, nā thâu chi̍t-pái lûi-tân, lâng tī mn̂g-sìⁿ-āu tûi, lòng; in-ūi tī mn̂g-sìⁿ-āu ū káu- hiā-èng lâng nā cheng, chiū hiah ê káu- hiā-khang ē cheng-ba̍t-khì, chiū káu-hiā bē thang chhut-ji̍p, hō͘ i sí tī khang-lāi, chiah ē bô káu-hiā. Iā ū lâng kóng, sī beh hō͘ lûi bē tit thang khí--lâi.
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Tī 咱chia hit個正月初一hit日人愛講好話，m̄ 愛講歹話。抑是tī hit日無愛人食ám著lim茶，是因為hit日若食ám,後--來若去人兜，就會抵著落雨。又hit日也 m̄-thang掃內面，講hit日是掃帚做生日；抑是戶碇頭hit日也m̄-thang坐，因為hit日講是戶碇做生日。總是tī 這幾日內人暝--時無歕hoa火，講神去天頂，iáu-bē倒--來，著到正月初4才會倒--來；tī 初4 e晡就接神。到初5 e昏hit暗，就早早火著歕熄；是因為hit暝，老鼠teh嫁查某子。人用這個法度意思是beh hō͘ 老鼠跋折腳骨，才m̄ 免hō͘ 伊生湠真濟。又koh tī 這個正月時，若頭1擺雷tân,人tī 門扇後搥，撞；因為門扇後有káu-hiā壅，人若cheng，就hiah-ê káu-hiā空會cheng密--去，就káu-hiā bē-thang出入，hō͘ 伊死tī 空內，才會無káu-hiā。也有人講，是beh hō͘ 雷bē 得thang起--來。 |
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Koh tī chit-ê chiaⁿ-goe̍h cha̍p-gō͘ mî; lâng kóng sī siōng-goân-mî, hit ê-hng lâng ài tiām ta̍k-hāng ê koe-chí, kóng cha̍p gō͘ mî chèng-koe ē teh tó-pîⁿ. Che sī sui-chāi lán kóng.
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Koh tī 這個正月15暝；人講是上元暝，hit e昏人愛tiām 逐項ê瓜籽，講15暝種瓜會teh倒棚。Che是隨在咱講。 |
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Hāi-ah! lán pún-tē ê pháiⁿ hong-sio̍k siōng-chhiáⁿ pàng iáu-bōe ē lī; taⁿ chiū koh ke-thiⁿ kúi-nā hāng ê pháiⁿ, m̄ chai beh kàu tó-ūi ûi-chí. Lūn Ji̍t-pún lâng ê hong-sio̍k iā sī chin pháiⁿ, sī lán tāi- ke chhin-ba̍k teh khòaⁿ, tāi-lio̍k tiah chi̍t hāng lâi kóng chiū-sī in chia̍h chiú ê pháiⁿ-khoán. Lán tio̍h sè-jī m̄-thang chiàu hit-hō pháiⁿ bô͘-iūⁿ, in-ūi chiú ê hāi sī kóng oh-tit chīn.
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害--ah ! 咱本地ê歹風俗尚且放iáu-bōe會離；今就koh加添幾若項ê歹，m̄ 知beh到佗位為止？論日本人ê風俗也是真歹，是咱逐家親目teh看，大略摘1項來講就是in食酒ê歹款。咱著細膩 m̄-thang照hit號歹模樣，因為酒ê害是講oh得盡。 |
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Taⁿ lán chhut-sì tī chit ê sî-chūn m̄- thang m̄ kín-sīn. Nā beh kín-sīn, tek- khak tio̍h kap Ki-tok saⁿ-liân, chiong I chò saⁿ lâi chhēng-teh, ǹg-bāng tit-tio̍h Chú ê la̍t chān lán tāi-ke.
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今咱出世tī 這個時陣 m̄-thang m̄ 謹慎。若beh謹慎，的確著佮基督相連，將伊做衫來穿--teh，向望得著主ê力贊咱逐家。 |
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(Tâi-oân Hú-siâⁿ Kàu-hōe-pò tē 180-181 koàn, 1900 nî 3-4 ge̍h)
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（台灣府城教會報第180~181卷，1900年3~4月） |
